With old engines running carburettors they run richer when the air is hotter this is because there is less oxygen in hot air and the carburettors jets will always supply the same amount of fuel because there is no correction available. The tuners challenge is that air fuel mixtures vary with variations in air temperature, coolant temperature and air pressure. If the fueling is accurately shaped and adjusted then the 02 sensor trimming system has less adjustment to do and they can even be even turned off to allow leaner cruising mixtures to improve fuel economy. However if the O2 sensor trimming system is having to make big corrections because the main fueling is out then this results in the cars engine not running as smoothly and it will also use more fuel because it is less efficient. The oxygen sensors are able to detect when at anything less than full load whether the air fuel ratios are near 14.63:1 and adjust the fueling coming from the fuel injectors to pull the AFRs closer to 14.63. This is also dependent on the 02s sensors being in good working order. By properly I mean all loads are adjusted to be accurate. The fueling accuracy is much better at all loads if a mafless tune is done properly than can ever be provided by a maf tune (see MAF section below). The LS1 is a high performance engine and there are two main reasons why they can be made to perform so much better:ฤก.
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